Which of the following changes were made to Medicare as a result of the Medicare Modernization Act?

The Medicare Modernization Act (MMA), enacted in 2003, introduced several significant changes to the Medicare program, most notably the establishment of Medicare + Choice plans, which were later renamed Medicare Advantage plans. These plans allowed beneficiaries to receive their Medicare benefits through private insurance companies that offered supplemental coverage and additional services beyond traditional Medicare, such as dental and vision care. This change aimed to provide more options and potentially enhance the quality of care available to Medicare beneficiaries by encouraging competition among insurers.

In addition to Medicare Advantage plans, the MMA also included provisions for a new prescription drug benefit, allowing enrollees to access medications at lower costs. Thus, the introduction of Medicare + Choice plans was a foundational change in how Medicare benefits could be delivered, offering beneficiaries greater flexibility and choices in their healthcare coverage.